A groundbreaking trial of the world’s first “personalized” mRNA vaccine targeting melanoma, the deadliest form of skin cancer, is currently underway in the UK, offering hope for patients like Steve Young, 52, from Stevenage, Hertfordshire, who recently underwent surgery to remove a melanoma growth from his scalp.
The vaccine, known as mRNA-4157 (V940), utilizes mRNA technology similar to that used in current Covid-19 vaccines. Administered alongside the drug pembrolizumab (Keytruda), which enhances the immune system’s ability to eliminate cancer cells, the vaccine is designed to stimulate the immune system to identify and destroy any remaining cancerous cells, potentially preventing cancer recurrence.
Developed by Moderna and Merck Sharp and Dohme (MSD), the personalized vaccine is tailored to each individual patient’s unique genetic tumor signature. By instructing the body to produce proteins or antibodies that target specific markers found exclusively on cancer cells, the vaccine aims to provide highly targeted treatment.
Dr. Heather Shaw, an investigator at University College London Hospitals (UCLH), described the vaccine as “custom-built” for each patient, highlighting its potential to revolutionize melanoma treatment. The trial, conducted across multiple centers in the UK, aims to recruit at least 60-70 patients who have undergone surgery to remove high-risk melanomas within the past 12 weeks.
Participants in the trial, like Mr. Young, may receive either the personalized vaccine or a placebo, with neither the patients nor the medical team knowing who receives which treatment. Mr. Young, speaking on the BBC Radio 4 Today Programme, expressed his gratitude for the opportunity to actively combat his cancer, emphasizing the importance of early intervention.
Preliminary data from Phase II trials, published in December, showed promising results, indicating that patients receiving the personalized vaccine alongside Keytruda were significantly less likely to experience cancer recurrence or death compared to those receiving Keytruda alone. Dr. Shaw noted the therapy’s relatively tolerable side effects, suggesting it could be a potential “gamechanger” in melanoma treatment.
While further research is needed to confirm the vaccine’s efficacy, the ongoing trial represents a significant step forward in personalized cancer therapy, offering hope for improved outcomes and quality of life for melanoma patients.
