The World Health Organization (WHO) has officially recognized loneliness as a significant global health issue, emphasizing its adverse impact on well-being and mortality. The announcement follows the launch of an international commission led by US Surgeon General Dr Vivek Murthy and African Union youth envoy Chido Mpemba, consisting of 11 advocates and government ministers. Loneliness is likened to smoking 15 cigarettes a day in terms of its mortality effects, leading the WHO to address this public health concern with a three-year commission.
Mpemba stated that loneliness is not confined by borders, emerging as a universal public health concern affecting various aspects of health, well-being, and development. Social isolation, according to Murthy, is comparable to health risks associated with smoking 15 cigarettes daily, surpassing those linked to obesity and physical inactivity. The impact of loneliness is recognized across diverse age groups and regions worldwide.
While loneliness is often associated with developed nations, Murthy emphasized that one in four older people experiences social isolation across all regions globally. The health risks associated with loneliness extend to older adults, contributing to a 50% increased risk of dementia and a 30% increased risk of coronary artery disease or stroke. The WHO acknowledges that loneliness is not exclusive to older adults, affecting young people as well. Between 5% and 15% of adolescents experience loneliness, with higher rates in Africa compared to Europe.
Loneliness among young people is linked to adverse outcomes, including higher dropout rates from school and poorer economic prospects. In Africa, where a significant proportion of the population is comprised of young people, social isolation is exacerbated by challenges related to peace, security, climate crisis, and high unemployment rates. The WHO aims to redefine the narrative surrounding loneliness, particularly for vulnerable populations affected by the digital divide.
Mpemba emphasized the need for a global response to combat loneliness, recognizing its status as an underappreciated public health threat. The international commission, spanning three years, reflects the WHO’s commitment to addressing the multifaceted challenges posed by loneliness. The initiative comes in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic, which has heightened awareness of the importance of addressing mental health issues, including loneliness, on a global scale.
